Anaphoricity in emoji: An experimental investigation of face and non-face emoji

Emoji are widely used, but have received relatively little attention in psycholinguistic research. Upon encountering a message consisting of both text and emoji, readers presumably construct some link between emoji text. Based on study text-emoji relations, we argue for (at least) two types emoji-text dependencies, related to referential dependencies known exist the linguistic domain, namely (i) dependency an expressive (e.g. wow, damn, f*king) individual whose opinion it expresses, (ii) pronoun (or other pro-form) its antecedent. We extend discussion these provide experimental data that face resemble expressives they tend be interpreted as expressing salient experiencer, while action based principles discourse coherence relations like explanation), similar what coherence-based accounts resolution predict.